Interactive effects of multiple climate change variables on trophic interactions: a meta-analysis

Table 1 Studies used in meta-analysis

Source	Habitat type	Length of study (days)	Number of trophic levels	Climate variables manipulated
Source	Habitat type	Length of study (days)	Number of trophic levels	Temp	CO₂	Rain	O₃	Photo	UV
[24]	Freshwater	50	Food web	X		X
[25]	Freshwater	4	Food web	X					X
[26]	Freshwater	50	2	X					X
[27]	Marine	36	Food web	X	X
[28]	Marine	35	2	X	X
[29]	Marine	11	2	X	X
[30]	Marine	14	2	X	X
[31]	Marine	42	2	X		X
[32]	Terrestrial	1461	3	X	X
[33]	Terrestrial	120	3	X	X
[34]	Terrestrial	70	2	X	X
[35]	Terrestrial	42	2	X	X
[36]	Terrestrial	56	2	X	X
[37]	Terrestrial	63	2	X	X
[38]	Terrestrial	100	2	X	X
[39]	Terrestrial	100	2	X	X
[40]	Terrestrial	6	2	X	X
[41]	Terrestrial	15	Food web	X	X	X
[42]	Terrestrial	692	Food web	X	X	X
[43]	Terrestrial	35	2	X	X	X
[44]	Terrestrial	1460	Food web		X	X
[45]	Terrestrial	Unknown	2		X	X
[46]	Terrestrial	46	2		X	X
[47]	Terrestrial	60	3		X		X
[48]	Terrestrial	78	3		X		X
[49]	Terrestrial	62	2		X		X
[50]	Terrestrial	45	2		X		X
[51]	Terrestrial	55	2		X		X
[52]	Terrestrial	45	2		X		X
[53]	Terrestrial	21	2		X		X
[54]	Terrestrial	7	2		X		X
[55]	Terrestrial	1096	2		X		X
[56]	Terrestrial	45	2		X		X
[57]	Terrestrial	1	3	X				X

“Food web” indicates that multiple species at each of two or more trophic levels were studied. “X” indicates that a climate variable was manipulated in the particular study. All studies are experimental except [33] which is a modeling study.
“Temp”= temperature, “Photo”= photoperiod, and “UV”= ultraviolet radiation.

ISSN: 2053-7565