Parameter | Units | Value | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Mass | g | 33.7 (100) | [36] (this study) |
Core temperature | °C | 38–45 | [36] |
Body length | mm | 123 (138) | this study |
Body width | mm | 41 (45) | this study |
Body depth | mm | 42 (48) | this study |
Thermal conductivity of flesh | W m−1 C−1 | 0.412 – 2.8 | [39] |
Flesh density | kg m−3 | 1000 | assumed |
Percent of surface area that is ventral | % | 30 | estimated |
Percent of skin acting as free water surface | % | 0.05 – 10 | estimated |
Δ inhaled vs. exhaled air | °C | 5 (7.8) | estimated (this study) |
O2 extraction efficiency | % | 25–6 | estimated |
Configuration factor to sky | % | 50 | assumed |
Configuration factor to ground | % | 50 | assumed |
Emissivity | % | 99 | assumed |
Solar reflectivity of dorsal feathers | % | (24.8) | (this study) |
Solar reflectivity of ventral feathers | % | (35.1) | (this study) |
Solar transmissivity of feathers | % | 0 | assumed |
Feather element diameter dorsal | μm | 30.0 | estimated |
Feather element diameter ventral | μm | 30.0 | estimated |
Feather length dorsal | mm | 23.1 (26.4) | this study |
Feather length ventral | mm | 22.7 (25.5) | this study |
Feather depth dorsal | mm | 5.8 (6.6) | this study |
Feather depth ventral | mm | 5.6 (7.2) | this study |
Feather density dorsal | cm−2 | 10,000 | estimated |
Feather density ventral | cm−2 | 10,000 | estimated |
Faecal water | % | 60 | [34] |
Food protein per gram dry food | g | 0.12 | [34] |
Food lipid per gram dry food | g | 0.04 | [34] |
Food carbohydrate per gram dry food | g | 0.53 | [34] |
Food water content | % | 10, 25, 55 | [34], this study |
Digestive efficiency (of carbohydrate) | % | 90 | [34] |