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Table 1 Endotherm model parameters for the budgerigar/night parrot model, with values specific to the night parrot in brackets

From: An estimate of the water budget for the endangered night parrot of Australia under recent and future climates

Parameter

Units

Value

Source

Mass

g

33.7 (100)

[36] (this study)

Core temperature

°C

38–45

[36]

Body length

mm

123 (138)

this study

Body width

mm

41 (45)

this study

Body depth

mm

42 (48)

this study

Thermal conductivity of flesh

W m−1 C−1

0.412 – 2.8

[39]

Flesh density

kg m−3

1000

assumed

Percent of surface area that is ventral

%

30

estimated

Percent of skin acting as free water surface

%

0.05 – 10

estimated

Δ inhaled vs. exhaled air

°C

5 (7.8)

estimated (this study)

O2 extraction efficiency

%

25–6

estimated

Configuration factor to sky

%

50

assumed

Configuration factor to ground

%

50

assumed

Emissivity

%

99

assumed

Solar reflectivity of dorsal feathers

%

(24.8)

(this study)

Solar reflectivity of ventral feathers

%

(35.1)

(this study)

Solar transmissivity of feathers

%

0

assumed

Feather element diameter dorsal

μm

30.0

estimated

Feather element diameter ventral

μm

30.0

estimated

Feather length dorsal

mm

23.1 (26.4)

this study

Feather length ventral

mm

22.7 (25.5)

this study

Feather depth dorsal

mm

5.8 (6.6)

this study

Feather depth ventral

mm

5.6 (7.2)

this study

Feather density dorsal

cm−2

10,000

estimated

Feather density ventral

cm−2

10,000

estimated

Faecal water

%

60

[34]

Food protein per gram dry food

g

0.12

[34]

Food lipid per gram dry food

g

0.04

[34]

Food carbohydrate per gram dry food

g

0.53

[34]

Food water content

%

10, 25, 55

[34], this study

Digestive efficiency (of carbohydrate)

%

90

[34]